Topographical maps not only show planimetric position but also indicate relief by some method . 地形图不仅表示出平面位置，而且还通过某种方法显示地貌。
2.
Space of planimetric position 平面位置的空间
3.
Test results show that spur dikes aligned along a single bank in the deep water zone have more effects on the adjustment of the bed topography of the wide - shallow river than in the shallow water zone ; alignment of spur dikes along both banks can effectively adjust the planimetric position of deep - water zone ; and a reasonable widening rate of the regulation line in the estuary can readjust the variation of the average water depth along the river 试验结果表明，在深水区的单侧丁坝群对宽浅河床地形的调整作用大于浅水区；双侧丁坝群的联合作用能调整深水区的平面位置；合理地选择治导线的放宽率，能有效地调整深槽平均水深的沿程变化。
